IEC 60571-1-1990 铁路车辆用电子设备.第1部分:电气设备总要求和试验
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来源:标准资料网
【英文标准名称】:Electronicequipmentusedonrailvehicles;part1:generalrequirementsandtestsforelectronicequipment
【原文标准名称】:铁路车辆用电子设备.第1部分:电气设备总要求和试验
【标准号】:IEC60571-1-1990
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1990-07
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/TC9
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:电子工程;电气工程;试验;规范(批准);电子装置;铁道车辆;铁路车辆零部件
【英文主题词】:railwayapplications;specification(approval);testing;electricalengineering;railwayvehicles;railwayvehiclecomponents;electronicengineering;railways;electronically-operateddevices
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:S70
【国际标准分类号】:29_280
【页数】:37P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
基本信息
| 标准名称： | 电真空器件用镍及镍合金光谱分析方法 |
| 英文名称： | Method for spectral analysis of Nickel and Nickel aloy for vacuum tubes |
| 中标分类： |
综合 >>
标准化管理与一般规定 >>
技术管理 |
| 替代情况： | SJ 1543-1979 |
| 发布日期： | 1979-11-06 |
| 实施日期： | 1988-12-01 |
| 首发日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 作废日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 出版日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 页数： | 7页 |
适用范围
没有内容
前言
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目录
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引用标准
没有内容
所属分类： 综合 标准化管理与一般规定 技术管理
【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforAssessingMicrostructureofPolymericScaffoldsforUseinTissueEngineeredMedicalProducts
【原文标准名称】:组织工程医用产品用聚合物工作台的微观结构的评估的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMF2450-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F04.42
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:microstructure;poresize;porevolume;porosity;porousmaterials;tissuescaffolds;Polymericscaffolds;Tissueengineeredmedicalproducts(TEMPs)
【摘要】:Theabilitytoculturefunctionaltissuetorepairdamagedordiseasedtissueswithinthebodyoffersaviablealternativetoxenograftsorheterografts.Usingthepatientx2019;sowncellstoproducethenewtissueofferssignificantbenefitsbylimitingrejectionbytheimmunesystem.Typically,cellsharvestedfromtheintendedrecipientareculturedinvitrousingatemporaryhousingorscaffold.Themicrostructureofthescaffold,thatis,itsporosity,themeansize,andsizedistributionofporesandtheirinterconnectivityiscriticalforcellmigration,growthandproliferation(AppendixX1).Optimizingthedesignoftissuescaffoldsisacomplextask,giventherangeofavailablematerials,differentmanufacturingroutes,andprocessingconditions.Allofthesefactorscan,andwill,affectthesurfacetexture,surfacechemistry,andmicrostructureoftheresultantscaffolds.Factorsthatmayormaynotbesignificantvariablesdependonthecharacteristicsofagivencelltypeatanygiventime(thatis,changesincellbehaviorduetothenumberofpassages,mechanicalstimulation,andcultureconditions).Tissuescaffoldsaretypicallyassessedusinganoverallvalueforscaffoldporosityandarangeofporesizes,thoughthedistributionofsizesisrarelyquantified.Publishedmeanporesizesanddistributionsareusuallyobtainedfromelectronmicroscopyimagesandquotedinthemicrometerrange.Tissuescaffoldsaregenerallycomplexstructuresthatarenoteasilyinterpretedintermsofporeshapeandsize,especiallyinthreedimensions.Therefore,itisdifficulttoquantifiablyassessthebatch-to-batchvarianceinmicrostructureortomakeasystematicinvestigationoftherolethatthemeanporesizeandporesizedistributionhasoninfluencingcellbehaviorbasedsolelyonelectronmicrographs(Tomlinsetal,(1)).Fig.1givesanindicationofpotentialtechniquesthatcanbeusedtocharacterizethestructureofporoustissuescaffoldsandthelengthscalethattheycanmeasure.Clearlyarangeoftechniquesmustbeutilizedifthescaffoldistobecharacterizedindetail.Theclassificationandterminologyofporesizes,suchasthosegiveninTable2,hasyettobestandardized,withdefinitionsoftermsvaryingwidely(asmuchasthreeordersofmagnitude)betweendifferingapplicationsandindustries.BothTable2andthesupportingdetaileddiscussionincludedwithinAppendixX2describedifferencesthatexistbetweenIUPAC(InternationalUnionofPureandAppliedChemistry)definitionsandthecommonterminologycurrentlyutilizedwithinmostlifescienceapplications,whichincludebothimplantandtissueengineeringapplications.Sincetheliteraturecontainsmanyothertermsfordefiningpores(Perretetal(3)),itisrecommendedthatthetermsusedbyauthorstodescribeporesbedefinedinordertoavoidpotentialconfusion.Additionally,sinceanyofthedefinitionsinTable2canshift,dependendingontheporesizedeterminationmethod(seeTable1andFig.1),anaccompanyingstatementdescribingtheutilizedassessmenttechniqueisessential.AllthetechniqueslistedinTable1havelimitationsforassessingcomplexporousstructures.Fig.2aandFig.2bshowathrough-andablind-endporerespectively.Porometrymeasurements(see7.4)areonlysensitivetothenarrowestpointalongavariablediameterthrough-poreandthereforecangivealowermeasureoftheporediameterthanotherinvestigativetechniques,suchasscanningelectronmicroscope(SEM),whichmaysampleatadifferentpointalongthepore.Thephysicalbasisofporometrydependsonthepassageofgasthroughthematerial.Therefore,thetechniqueisnotsensitivetoblind-endorclosedpore.......
【中国标准分类号】:G45
【国际标准分类号】:11_100
【页数】:10P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
